解决方案

使用os 和 platform模块

>>> import os
>>> print os.name
posix

>>> import platform
>>> platform.system()
'Linux'
>>> platform.release()
'2.6.22-15-generic'

>>> import platform
>>> platform.system()
'Windows'
>>> platform.release()
'Vista'

>>> platform.system()
'Windows'
>>> platform.release()
'10'