如何在Debian 9 Linux上安装Tomcat 9

Oracle Java JDK安装

使用curl命令获取可用的JDK并下载。
如果还没有安装curl命令,使用# apt install curl安装。

$curl -s http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/jdk8-downloads-2133151.html | grep "otn-pub" | cut -d \" -f12

选择要下载的版本,进行下载:

$curl -LOb "oraclelicense=a" http://download.oracle.com/otn-pub/java/jdk/8u131-b11/d54c1d3a095b4ff2b6607d096fa80163/jdk-8u131-linux-x64.tar.gz

完成后,在当前目录中有Oracle Java JDK安装包:

$ls
jdk-8u131-linux-x64.tar.gz

解压缩上述tar包:

# mkdir /opt/java-jdk
# tar -C /opt/java-jdk -zxf jdk-8u131-linux-x64.tar.gz

将Oracle Java JDK设置为系统默认。

# update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/java java /opt/java-jdk/jdk1.8.0_131/bin/java 1
# update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/javac javac /opt/java-jdk/jdk1.8.0_131/bin/javac 1

现在应该将Oracle Java JDK默认安装。
检查Java版本以查看它是否已正确安装:

# java -version
java version "1.8.0_131"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_131-b11)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.131-b11, mixed mode)

安装tomcat

从官方Tomcat网站http://tomcat.apache.org/download-90.cgi
使用浏览器下载tomcat安装包,

或者使用wget下载最新的Tomcat版本:

$wget http://apache.uberglobalmirror.com/tomcat/tomcat-9/v9.0.0.M21/bin/apache-tomcat-9.0.0.M21.tar.gz

下载的安装包将在当前的工作目录中

$ls 
apache-tomcat-9.0.0.M21.tar.gz  jdk-8u131-linux-x64.tar.gz

创建专用用户tomcat以运行Tomcat服务器:

# useradd -rs /bin/false tomcat

提取Tomcat tar包:

# mkdir /opt/tomcat
# tar -C /opt/tomcat/-zxf apache-tomcat-9.0.0.M21.tar.gz

创建指向最新Tomcat目录的符号链接:

# ln -s /opt/tomcat/apache-tomcat-9.0.0.M21/   /opt/tomcat/tomcat-latest

设置tomcat为目录的所有者:

# chown -R tomcat.tomcat /opt/tomcat/tomcat-latest /opt/tomcat/apache-tomcat-9.0.0.M21

接下来,创建Systemd Startup脚本/etc/systemd/system/tomcat.service指向我们的新建/opt/java-jdk/opt/tomcat/tomcat-lest

/etc/systemd/system/tomcat.service的内容如下:

[Unit]
Description=Tomcat9
After=network.target
[Service]
Type=forking
User=tomcat
Group=tomcat
Environment=CATALINA_PID=/opt/tomcat/tomcat-latest/tomcat8.pid
Environment=TOMCAT_JAVA_HOME=/usr/bin/java
Environment=CATALINA_HOME=/opt/tomcat/tomcat-latest
Environment=CATALINA_BASE=/opt/tomcat/tomcat-latest
Environment=CATALINA_OPTS=
Environment="JAVA_OPTS=-Dfile.encoding=UTF-8 -Dnet.sf.ehcache.skipUpdateCheck=true -XX:+UseConcMarkSweepGC -XX:+CMSClassUnloadingEnabled -XX:+UseParNewGC -XX:MaxPermSize=128m -Xms512m -Xmx512m"
ExecStart=/opt/tomcat/tomcat-latest/bin/startup.sh
ExecStop=/bin/kill -15 $MAINPID
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

最后,重新加载Systemd,并设置重启时自启动:

# systemctl daemon-reload
# systemctl start tomcat
# systemctl enable tomcat

访问Tomcat

Tomcat 默认监听端口为8080

# ss -ant | grep 8080
LISTEN     0      100         :::8080

使用浏览器打开 Tomcat服务器的IP地址+端口号。
示例 http://192.168.1.125:8080

日期:2020-07-07 20:56:25 来源:oir作者:oir