JUnit 5 @BeforeEach 注解

JUnit 5 @BeforeEach 注释替代了 JUnit 4 中的 @Before注释。

它用于表示应在当前类中的每个 @Test方法之前执行带注释的方法。

@BeforeEach 注释用法

使用 @BeforeEach注释一个方法,如下所示:

@BeforeEach
public void initEach(){
	System.out.println("Before Each initEach() method called");
}

@BeforeEach注释方法不能是静态方法,否则会抛出运行时错误。

org.junit.platform.commons.JUnitException: @BeforeEach method 'public static void com.onitroad.junit5.examples.JUnit5AnnotationsExample.initEach()' must not be static.
	at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.LifecycleMethodUtils.assertNonStatic(LifecycleMethodUtils.java:73)
	at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.LifecycleMethodUtils.lambda$findBeforeEachMethods(LifecycleMethodUtils.java:54)
	at java.util.ArrayList.forEach(ArrayList.java:1249)
	at java.util.Collections$UnmodifiableCollection.forEach(Collections.java:1080)
	at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.LifecycleMethodUtils.findBeforeEachMethods(LifecycleMethodUtils.java:54)
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@BeforeEach 注释示例

我使用了一个 Calculator类并添加了一个 add方法。
我将使用 @RepeatedTest注释对其进行 5 次测试。
此注释将导致 add测试运行 5 次。
对于每次运行测试方法,@BeforeEach注释方法也应该每次运行。

package com.onitroad.junit5.examples;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeAll;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.DisplayName;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.RepeatedTest;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.RepetitionInfo;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.TestInfo;
import org.junit.platform.runner.JUnitPlatform;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
@RunWith(JUnitPlatform.class)
public class BeforeEachTest {
	@DisplayName("Add operation test")
	@RepeatedTest(5)
	void addNumber(TestInfo testInfo, RepetitionInfo repetitionInfo) {
		System.out.println("Running test -> " + repetitionInfo.getCurrentRepetition());
		Assertions.assertEquals(2, Calculator.add(1, 1), "1 + 1 should equal 2");
	}

	@BeforeAll
	public static void init(){
		System.out.println("BeforeAll init() method called");
	}

	@BeforeEach
	public void initEach(){
		System.out.println("BeforeEach initEach() method called");
	}
}

其中 Calculator 类是:

package com.onitroad.junit5.examples;
public class Calculator 
{
	public int add(int a, int b) {
		return a + b;
	}
}

现在执行测试,我们将看到以下控制台输出:

BeforeAll init() method called
BeforeEach initEach() method called
BeforeEach initEach() method called
Running test -> 1
BeforeEach initEach() method called
Running test -> 2
BeforeEach initEach() method called
Running test -> 3
BeforeEach initEach() method called
Running test -> 4
BeforeEach initEach() method called
Running test -> 5

显然,@BeforeEach注释的 initEach()方法在每次测试方法调用时被调用一次。

日期:2020-09-17 00:09:52 来源:oir作者:oir