在这里，我们将建立一个运行Apache Web服务器的简单Docker容器，然后从笔记本电脑的Web浏览器访问它。

我们将使用官方Ubuntu Docker镜像构建我们的Docker。

首先，通过运行来下拉ubuntu镜像：

$ docker pull ubuntu
Using default tag: latest
latest: Pulling from library/ubuntu
ae79f2514705: Pull complete
5ad56d5fc149: Pull complete
170e558760e8: Pull complete
395460e233f5: Pull complete
6f01dc62e444: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:506e2d5852de1d7c90d538c5332bd3cc33b9cbd26f6ca653875899c505c82687
Status: Downloaded newer image for ubuntu:latest

然后确认我们现在有此镜像：

$ docker images
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
ubuntu              latest              747cb2d60bbe        4 days ago          122MB

接下来，我们需要创建一个在交互模式下运行Bash终端的新容器。
我们需要将端口80公开为此容器，然后我们需要将我们的主机端口(例如8080)映射到新的暴露容器端口80。

$ docker run -p 8080:80 -it ubuntu /bin/bash
root@f5842a8d0c33:/#

如果要退出容器，则只需执行以下操作：

root@f5842a8d0c33:/# exit
exit

然而，这最终完全停止了容器：

$ docker ps
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED             STATUS              PORTS               NAMES

要启动此特定容器，我们首先找到它的ID：

$ docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED             STATUS                     PORTS               NAMES
f5842a8d0c33        ubuntu              "/bin/bash"         3 minutes ago       Exited (0) 2 minutes ago                       naughty_shockley

然后通过运行启动它：

$ docker start f5842a8d0c33
f5842a8d0c33

现在确认容器正在运行：

$ docker ps
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                  NAMES
f5842a8d0c33        ubuntu              "/bin/bash"         11 minutes ago      Up 4 minutes        0.0.0.0:8080->80/tcp   naughty_shockley

请注意，这里还定义了端口转发。

现在让我们登录Docker容器：

$ docker exec -it f5842a8d0c33 /bin/bash
root@f5842a8d0c33:/#

接下来我们做一个apt-get更新：

root@f5842a8d0c33:/# apt-get update
Get:1 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security InRelease [102 kB]
Get:2 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial InRelease [247 kB]
Get:3 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/universe Sources [50.1 kB]
Get:4 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates InRelease [102 kB]
Get:5 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-backports InRelease [102 kB]
Get:6 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial/universe Sources [9802 kB]
Get:7 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/main amd64 Packages [471 kB]
Get:8 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/restricted amd64 Packages [12.8 kB]
Get:9 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/universe amd64 Packages [219 kB]
Get:10 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/multiverse amd64 Packages [2930 B]
Get:11 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial/main amd64 Packages [1558 kB]
Get:12 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial/restricted amd64 Packages [14.1 kB]
Get:13 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial/universe amd64 Packages [9827 kB]
Get:14 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial/multiverse amd64 Packages [176 kB]
Get:15 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/universe Sources [221 kB]
Get:16 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/main amd64 Packages [831 kB]
Get:17 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/restricted amd64 Packages [13.5 kB]
Get:18 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/universe amd64 Packages [691 kB]
Get:19 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/multiverse amd64 Packages [17.5 kB]
Get:20 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-backports/main amd64 Packages [5176 B]
Get:21 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-backports/universe amd64 Packages [6354 B]
Fetched 24.5 MB in 17s (1408 kB/s)
Reading package lists... Done

现在安装apache2：

root@f5842a8d0c33:/# apt-get install apache2 -y

现在开始apache：

$ root@f5842a8d0c33:/# apachectl start
AH00558: apache2: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using 172.17.0.2. Set the 'ServerName' directive globally to suppress this message

还启用服务：

root@f5842a8d0c33:/# systemctl enable apache2
apache2.service is not a native service, redirecting to systemd-sysv-install
Executing /lib/systemd/systemd-sysv-install enable apache2

接下来转到笔记本电脑的Web浏览器并打开http//localhost：8080 /。

我们应该看到Ubuntu / Apache欢迎页面。